The Conference Board's Consumer Confidence Index® fell further in January, dropping for a second straight month. The index decreased to 104.1 this month from December's upwardly revised 109.5. This month's reading was lower than the 105.7 forecast.
The Present Situation Index, which is based on consumers' assessment of current business and labor market conditions, decreased from 144.0 in December to 134.3 in January. Meanwhile, the Expectations Index, which is based on consumers' short-term outlook for income, business, and labor market conditions, decreased from 86.5 in December to 83.9 in January. Note that a level of 80 or below for the Expectations Index historically signals a recession within the next year.
“Consumer confidence has been moving sideways in a relatively stable, narrow range since 2022. January was no exception. The Index weakened for a second straight month, but still remained in that range, even if in the lower part,” said Dana M. Peterson, Chief Economist at The Conference Board. “All five components of the Index deteriorated but consumers’ assessments of the present situation experienced the largest decline. Notably, views of current labor market conditions fell for the first time since September, while assessments of business conditions weakened for the second month in a row. Meanwhile, consumers were also less optimistic about future business conditions and, to a lesser extent, income. The return of pessimism about future employment prospects seen in December was confirmed in January.”
Peterson added: “Nonetheless, there were positive notes in other aspects of the survey. Consumers’ views of their Family’s Current Financial Situation were more positive, and six-month expectations for family finances reached a new series high. The proportion of consumers anticipating a recession over the next 12 months was stable near the series low. (These measures are not included in calculating the Consumer Confidence Index®.) Consumers also remained bullish about the stock market, even if a bit less so than at the end of 2024. Over half of consumers (52.9%) expected stock prices to increase over the year ahead, compared to just 23.7% who expected stock prices to decline.”
Background on the Consumer Confidence Index
The Conference Board Consumer Confidence Index measures the consumers attitudes and confidence in the economy, business conditions, and labor market, with higher readings indicating higher optimism. The general assumption is that when consumers are more optimistic they will spend more and stimulate economic growth. However, if consumers are pessimistic then spending will decline and the economy may slow down. The index is based on a 5 question survey, with 2 questions related to present conditions and 3 questions related to future expectations. The survey began in 1967 and was conducted every two months but changed to monthly reporting in 1977, which is where our data begins.
